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This activity assessed the effectiveness of the Mumbai Slum Dweller Electrification project at achieving its intended goals, as well as the potential of the adopted output-based funding approach for scaling up and/or replication.
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This activity provided funding for a beneficiary assessment to evaluate the effectiveness of OBA and Community Supply Water Schemes (CSWSs) as a tool to deliver basic access to water to the poor in situations where grid-based water supply is unaffordable.
This analysis focused on the following:
1) Identify benefits of access to clean water, compared to a situation without clean water.
2) Evaluate the affordability of registration costs and cost of on-going consumption of water for the targeted poor.
3) Assess the impact on increased uptake and consumption.
4) Evaluate the impact of OBA on operational efficiency and quality of service.
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This activity documented output-based aid lessons from the Mumbai Electricity project. The report analyzing the implementation of and capturing lessons from the Mumbai slum electrification project was finalized in February 2014. The key findings and lessons were published in a "Lessons Learned" by GPOBA.
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This activity identifies key policy, regulatory, institutional, financial and technical or capacity challenges that hinder the delivery of solid and liquid waste management services in selected cities in Kerala, India, and then supports the design of a results-based framework and institutional capacity-development program to overcome those hurdles. The framework will be used for about $130 million worth of capital investments, as part of the World Bank’s Kerala Urban Service Delivery Project (KUSDP). This activity is in the preparation stage.
Activity closed in April 2020. The scope of the KUSDP has been discussed with the stakeholders, as a result of which the planned amount was increased from $130 to $300 million. This activity has been supporting the design of RBF conditions for formula-based capital grants to the participating municipalities. Also, the activity considered what incentives could be necessary for state and city-level reforms to improve the municipal systems for service delivery and climate resilience. In light of the discussions about KUSDP scope, this activity was extended from October 2019 to April 2020. The deliverables will be finalized in the next reporting period.
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Despite substantial commitments to education, India still has the largest illiterate population in the world. Nationally, an estimated 3.7 million girls are out of school and in Rajasthan, 40 percent of girls drop out before reaching fifth grade. For those who remain, learning quality is low. Uneducated girls in India are also three times more likely to contract HIV, earn 10 percent less income, and marry three years earlier than educated ones.
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Washington, DC - May 16, 2007- The Global Partnership on Output Based Aid (GPOBA) today signed a grant agreement for US$850,000, that will assist in improving access to safe drinking water to poor rural communities in India. The grant signed with the Naandi Foundation and Water Health India (WHIN) is funded by the United Kingdom’s Department for International Development (DFID), The Netherlands Ministry of Development Cooperation (DGIS) and IFC, the private sector arm of the World Bank Group. The $1.25M project - which includes an important financial contribution from local communities themselves - will provide clean water by using small scale ultra violet water purification plants in 25 villages throughout the Andhra Pradesh region and will directly benefit over 75,000 people.
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News Release No. 2009/4
In Washington:
Cathy Russell, tel. (+1) 202 458 8124 crussell@worldbank.org
In New Delhi:
Sudip Mozumder, tel. (+91) 11 24617241: ext 210 smozumder@worldbank.org
New Delhi, May 20, 2009 – The World Bank, acting as administrator for the Global Partnership on Output-Based Aid (GPOBA), has just approved a grant for US$1.65 million to subsidize part of the costs of electricity connection and wiring for inhabitants of the Shivajinagar slum in Mumbai.
Up to 26,000 slum households or approximately 104,000 slum dwellers are expected to eventually benefit from the scheme, either through new electricity connections or regularization of existing connections.
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Photo: Leonora Enking via Flickr (CC by SA 2.0)
Reliance Infrastructure, the Global Partnership on Output-Based Aid (GPOBA), and other partners have launched a project to provide improved access to safe electricity supply to around 104,000 Indian slum dwellers.
The GPOBA Improved Electricity Access to Indian Slum Dwellers project aims to provide up to 26,250 new and upgraded electricity connections for residents of the Shivajinagar slum in Mumbai.
About 8,000-12,000 new connections and 5,000 upgraded connections are planned in a first phase expected to be completed by 2011.
Obstacles to electricity access
Currently, many slum households in Mumbai do not have access to safe and reliable electricity. The challenge is that there is no support beyond the regulated point of supply (the metering point). Arrangements are informal and the lack of an institutional framework to support the financing of connections for the poorest leads to bottlenecks in connection investment. The relatively high upfront costs of the connection, which are estimated to be in the region of US$105 per connection, also act as a significant constraint.
Making connections affordable
Under the GPOBA scheme, households will pay less than half the connection cost, with GPOBA providing a one-off subsidy to make up the difference.
Payment of 90 percent of this subsidy will be conditional upon independent verification of working connections and of six months’ supply and billing.
The connection work (wiring from the meter to the house and internal wiring) will be carried out by licensed electricity contractors chosen directly by the customers.
The scheme offers a framework not just for performance-based subsidies, but also for community awareness building, training of electricity contractors, and a check on quality of service to the hutment.
“The Mumbai slum electrification scheme presents an opportunity to understand how output-based aid can be used to supply basic services in areas beyond the regulated utilities’ responsibility,” explains Mustafa Zakir Hussain, GPOBA and World Bank task manager for the project.
“Such techniques could be very applicable as part of a coordinated effort to improve conditions in slums in India and across Asia,” he adds.
Improving access and reducing losses
The GPOBA project, financed through a US$1.65 million grant, forms a financing window in a larger Slum Electrification and Loss Reduction program, led by the US Agency for International Development (USAID) in cooperation with the International Copper Promotion Council (India) or ICPCI.
The program aims to develop, test, evaluate, and scale-up customized approaches for improving electricity access and reducing utility losses in slum areas.
Launch workshop
At a launch workshop for the program hosted by ICPCI, Mr. V.P. Raja, Chairman of the Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission (MERC), outlined the conditions that led to the mass problem of slums in India. He recognized that regulators have not focused on the problems of electricity supply created by slums. He welcomed this project and the opportunity it brings to improve the supply of electricity to this important constituency. Reliance Infrastructure, which is the grant recipient for the GPOBA project, discussed how the scheme fits into their broader program of investment in the electricity network in Mumbai.
Workshop participants also heard about successful slum electrification and loss reduction initiatives in other countries such as Brazil, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Sri Lanka. An example is the Brazilian power distributor Eletropaulo which has implemented several initiatives jointly with USAID and the International Copper Association.
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Shyamala, a health educator in West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh, India, had tried for months to convince families in the region to pay a small fee for clean drinking water. “I work with women’s self help groups in 10 villages. Nothing worked anywhere– flip charts, posters, skits, and role plays. Women were not convinced about the need to use or pay for clean drinking water.”
Faced with an impasse, Shyamala then hit upon a novel idea. “We connected a microscope to a projector and asked women in the village of Jagannadhapuram to apply untreated pond water samples to the glass slides. They were shocked by the microorganisms that they could see on the screen. Some women actually wept on seeing the germs that their families were routinely being subjected to.”
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In the eastern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, it is estimated that between 9 and 17 million people are exposed to water with high pathogen levels, which leads water borne disease and deaths due to diarrhea. The Andhra Pradesh Rural Community Water project piloted an output-based approach to provide safe drinking water to 10,000 families through an innovative village based public-private partnership model. The project included the construction, installation, and operation of community supply water schemes and incorporated campaigns to promote awareness of safe drinking water practices.