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Output-Based Aid in Mongolia: Expanding Telecommunications Services to Rural Areas
Access to telecommunications services has been extremely limited in the remote and sparsely populated areas of Mongolia. Several factors have conspired against achieving universal access on a purely commercial basis—the country’s vast and challenging geography, the nomadic lifestyle of the rural population, government ownership and incumbent control of the long-distance transmission network.
Performance-based Contracting in Health: The Experience of Three Projects in Africa
Performance-based contracting in health is an example of an output-based approach to improving health service delivery. In 2003 and 2004, GPOBA supported the design of three output-based aid (OBA) schemes using performance-based contracting in Uganda, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Rwanda.
Output-Based Disbursements in Mexico: Transforming the Water Sector in Guanajuato
A project in the Mexican state of Guanajuato shows how tying disbursements to specific outputs can provide incentives for effective implementation of a water sector strategy. The disbursements, from pooled government and World Bank loan funds, are made against connections to safe and reliable water service and improvements in utilities’ efficiency and wastewater treatment.
Targeting Subsidies Through Output-Based Aid
Output-based aid (OBA), or performance-based grants, can be used to help target services to the poor. Under OBA schemes, service providers are compensated only after delivery of a specified output, such as water connections, to a targeted beneficiary. In most cases that targeted beneficiary would be a poor household or community.
Output-Based Aid in India: Community Water Project in Andhra Pradesh
Providing safe drinking water to poor families in the coastal area of Andhra Pradesh is critical for the economic development of the region as well as to improve health and living conditions.Output-Based Aid in Telecommunications: New Models for Universal Access in Latin America
During the 1990s many Latin American countries developed universal access programs, financed through universal service funds, to increase telecommunications access in rural and low-income areas.
Designing OBA When There is an Incumbent
This working paper aims to provide practical guidance to Government officials and others who are asked to design Output Based Aid (OBA) projects in situations in which there is an existing supplier.
Output-Based Aid in Armenia: Connecting Poor Urban Households to Gas Service
Gas-based heating offers a clean, efficient, low-cost heating solution for poor urban households in Armenia, a country with severe winters. But many low-income households cannot afford the cost of connecting to gas networks and heating facilities or the cost of heating equipment.
Techniques for Estimating the Fiscal Costs and Risks of Long-Term Output-Based Payments
Long-term commitments to make output-based payments for infrastructure can encourage private investors to provide socially valuable services. Making good decisions about such commitments is difficult, however, unless the government understands the fiscal costs and risks of possible commitments.