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Urban

Today, 55% of the world’s population lives in urban areas, a proportion that is expected to increase to 68% by 2050. In the face of rapidly rising urbanization, many governments have struggled to keep up with the demand for infrastructure and social services such as electricity, water and sanitation, transport, solid waste management, and health care.

Sector

Fragile Situations

Around the world, poverty is increasingly concentrated in countries and regions affected by fragility and conflict, which intensify already acute challenges to development. Fragility and conflict can range from persistent domestic or cross-border violence to vulnerability in the face of natural disasters.

Sector

Independent Verification

In an OBA project, service delivery is contracted out to a third party, either a government or private sector entity, who assumes a portion of the project risk by providing pre-financing and then receives a subsidy to complement or replace user fees once outputs (such as solar home systems or connection of households to water supply systems) have been verified by an independent verification age

Sector

Public-Private Partnerships

Public-private partnerships (PPPs) have emerged as a way to leverage private financing and know-how to deliver development solutions.

Publication | 2017

Analyzing the Use of Output-Based Aid (OBA) in Urban Transport

This report discusses the applicability of output-based aid (OBA) to the urban transport sector in cities of developing and emerging countries, and draws recommendations for the design of OBA-financed projects – and, more broadly, of output-oriented pro-poor projects – that address the issues that typically affect the sector.

Sector

Land Administration

Land and housing ownership are important assets for the poor and must be properly managed and administered to benefit them. SDG 1.4 aims to ensure that, by 2030, all men and women, in particular the poor and vulnerable, have equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to basic services, ownership and control over land and other forms of property.